2011

Monday, May 16, 2011

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Mobile phones kill bees

no longer just about the pesticides or pollution or climate change. Also the mass use of mobile phones may be one of the culprits of the tragic death of hundreds of millions of bees worldwide. Daniel Favre, a researcher at the Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland, has just published a study showing chelae signals emitted by mobile phones during a conversation are able to disorient the bees to the point of putting them into death. Fabre has made up to 83 different experiments to test and measure the reaction of the bees in the presence of a mobile operation.

The results seem to leave no doubt. Favre's team found that in the presence of a cell phone makes or receives a call, the bees produce buzzing with their wings up to ten times more noise than they do in normal conditions, a behavior that is usually used by the colony an alarm signal is urgent to abandon the hive.

However, when the alarm ringing is induced by a mobile and not by natural causes, the colony is hopelessly disoriented and with tragic results. Favre's study corroborates other research conducted in 2008 (whose results, then, were inconclusive) according to which the bees were not returning to their hives if they are placed near a mobile phone.

That kind of strong buzz, Favre said, "is not common among bees, and when it occurs, usually does not emit more than two members of the colony at once. The induction, by fields Magnetic mobile phones cause this buzzing alarm can have tragic consequences for the colony. " Alarm signal

mass

According to the researcher, "the active mobile terminals have a dramatic impact on the behavior of bees, and that induce workers to cast massively alarm. Normally, that buzzing swarm announced that starts or is a strong signal indicating a problem in the colony. Other factors such as pesticides, the signals emitted by mobile phones and mobile phone masts could be contributing to the disappearance of bees worldwide. I appeal to the international scientific community to undertake further studies in this field. "

As we well know, bees play a key role in the diet of humans. In fact, they are responsible for pollinating at least one hundred seventy of the staple crops are staple diet of billions of people around the world.

The problem of colony collapse (CCD by its acronym in English) was first detected in 1972, but it was not until 2006 that the mass disappearance of hundreds of millions of bees throughout the world made sounded the alarm. Bees, in fact, seemed to "evaporate" everywhere, leaving the hives without a trace.

That year, beekeepers from around the world reported the loss of between 30% and 90% of their colonies. In subsequent years, and to the worsening problem, there have been numerous investigations to identify the source a crisis is not limited only to the bees.

And if they disappear, scientists say, humanity does not survive.

Animal and Plant World

Via ABC

Thursday, May 12, 2011

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Over 300 migratory flamingos reveal its strategy on climate change

A group of rangers went into the wetland Conaf in Salar de Surire, located at 4,200 meters above sea level and 180 km from Arica, to mark 365 chicks and an adult female flamenco. I carefully installed in a white ring right leg.

This is a signal that associated with this salt, a natural monument since 1983 and Ramsar site (wetland of international importance) since 1996, although they were found in any of the 257 lakes frequented by these birds.

The purpose of banding is to decipher the new migration routes of three species of Andean flamingos being developed to address climate change, a task that the National Forestry Corporation (CONAF) resumed in the Salar del Surire after 14 year break .

wetlands like Surire are spread over the vast area that Andean extends through southern Peru, northern Chile and northwestern Argentina.

The idea is that the work being done in Chile, combined with the specialists engaged in the other three countries with their own markers, revealing the new migration patterns of three species endemic to the area.

These species are the Andean flamingo (Phoenicoparrus andinus), James (P. jamesi) and Chilean (Phoenicopterus chilensis) and are half the species of flamingos in the world.

"Probably, climate change is operating in a different form for each species, as they have no exactly the same requirements, "said the head of Protected Areas of Antofagasta, Nelson Amado.

Newcomers

estimated throughout the Andean region of South America is a Flemish population of 427 000 of the three species. counting them requires a joint effort in the four countries, as these birds migrate through the salt lakes of the area and only sit in certain nesting and resting sites.

The Surire is one of 16 sites priority where they breed. His presence there varies greatly with the seasons: 2,500 copies of the three species in July 28,000 in December.

Surire Amado explains that he became a most important breeding site for the Chilean flamingo, but now have been incorporated significant contingent James flamingo or Puna, which reveals that there are movements in both directions from Chilean Andean lakes to those of Bolivia and Peru.

For its part, the Salar de Atacama, Antofagasta was the largest nesting site for the Andean, but this is starting to choose other areas.

"Maybe some species climate change helps their reproductive success. So we have seen in the chicks born James and Chilean flamingos. Not so well with the Andes, at least in Chile, because you might be finding better conditions in the salt mines of Bolivia and Argentina, "says Amado.

Good news

simultaneous censuses since 1997 are underway the four countries show a slight increase in population for the three species whose conservation status is vulnerable. This is good news especially for the Andean flamingo, which discussed the 90 endangered declare.

The downward trend being experienced by Altiplano rainfall and melting glaciers in the high mountains, next to the man exerts pressure on water resources, involve a reduction in water bodies that harbor these species. But Beloved Nelson explained to unravel how this will affect the long term is a pending task. So far, two species have been shown to have a successful reproductive cycle counting with enough mud to build their nests, even in drought cycles.

MAURICIO SILVA - via El Mercurio

Tuesday, May 10, 2011

How To Maintain A Red Iguanas Color

discover a sanctuary for tigers in a jungle of Indonesia

The WWF environmental group, famous for its defense and protection of animals, has managed to record a video that shows several examples of Sumatran tigers in the jungle of Buket Tigapuluh, Indonesia.

This species is seriously threatened by deforestation. Deforestation and subsequent reforestation palm oil is destroying large areas of forest and is threatening the survival of the Sumatran tiger landmark. It is estimated that there are only 400 copies in the wild.

The images were obtained by a research team of tigers in Sumatra implementing hidden cameras, as reported by WWF. The video was recorded during the months of March and April. The forest in which they were found is one of the landscapes that Indonesia's government promised to protect the tigers last summit held in Russia last November and attended by many world leaders.

A shrinking habitat

"What we need to find out is whether we have met so many tigers because we put our cameras in a better place or because the tiger habitat is being reduced so that they are being forced to live in jungle areas becoming smaller, "said the researcher who heads the WWF team, Karmila Parakkasi. He added that never before had found so many tigers.

The place where the cameras were installed in a corridor between the national park and sanctuary Bukit Tigapuluh Rimbang Bukit Baling. Although Bukit Tigapuluh hosts more than 30 tigers, about 150 130 elephants and monkeys, this area is not considered a protected area by the government of Indonesia.

WWF has repeatedly called for measures to stop deforestation of the rainforest and which adequately protects these areas. They have also asked the central and local government to reconsider the importance of this corridor and protect it as part of the biodiversity of Indonesia.

Animal and Plant World

Via World

Monday, May 9, 2011

Family Business Season 3

zombie ants discovered

Ants tropical carpenter (Camponotus Leonardi) live at the top of the cups of trees.

When infected by a parasitic fungus (Ophiocordyceps unilateralis) the behavior of these ants change drastically.

They behave erratically and act like zombies, and are manipulated by the fungus to death in order to obtain optimal conditions for the reproduction of fungi. The new research, published in the journal BMC Ecology, examines the patterns of altered behavior in ants and shows how the fungus manipulates the behavior of ants.

An international team of researchers studied in the jungles of Thailand carpenter ants infected by the fungus O. unilateralis. As it develops, the fungus spreads through the body of the ant and the head causing muscles to atrophy. The fungus also affects the central nervous system of the ant, while the normal ants rarely leave tracks for those who work carrying food to the nest, the zombies walk in a random fashion, unable to find their way home. Ants also have seizures that are falling from the trees. Once on the ground were unable to find their way back to the cup and kept in an area of \u200b\u200bundergrowth it was more fresh for the fungus may develop.

At solar noon (when the sun is at its strongest place) synchronizing the fungus infected ants behavior, forcing them to bite the main vein on the underside of a leaf. The proliferation of fungal cells in the heads of ants makes the fibers within the muscles that open and close their jaws fall off. This results in a 'lock jaw', which means that an ant is unable to rid infected leaf after death. A few days later, the fungus produces a fruiting body (stroma) of ant's head that releases spores to be collected by another ant wandering.

Dr. David Hughes of Penn State University, said: "The fungus attacks the ants on two fronts. Firstly using ants as a food source, and second place by muscles and central nervous system, resulting in zombies that end in the wet undergrowth. The infected ant behavior is essentially an extended phenotype of fungi (fungi behavior through the body of the ant ).

Europapress

Thursday, May 5, 2011

Sample Anniversary Cakes

Orcas arrive in large numbers to the southern waters of Chile

"are killer, cautious and fearful whispers Don Nicola. The master of sailing dinghy in which not the slightest interest in moving closer to a group of orcas to be seen in the distance.

is April 14 and participated along with government authorities in the campaign of scientific observations of humpback whales in the waters of Marine and Coastal Protected Area (MCPA) Francisco Coloane, in the Strait of Magellan. The output is organized by the Foundation Biomar and Petrobras.

few meters further, a group of them around the boat that travels a delegation from the Ministry of the Environment, headed by Minister Maria Ignacia own Benítez.

"I counted five or six forward. Just when you're getting soaked and we do not. And suddenly we heard a bang," will then Alexandre Hernandez, an adviser to cabinet minister.

"On the left side of the RIB one, then another ... then we heard another snort and displayed other two. The last came out from behind the boat and the noise was so loud that we stopped to watch. And that's when we saw it, was the most awesome, we went out back. We were surrounded. We were told that they were chiquititas, but when you see beside you realize that are some moles. It was a unique experience. "

From" Forrest ", the mother ship of the expedition, marine biologist Anelio Aguayo, who leads the project, noted with interest the singular event. Five years ago I had not seen orcas in the Strait of Magellan during his surveys and you still see another group will be playing them the next day, in the Seno Otway.

"is a signal of ecosystem recovery," he notes. Because the orcas arrive by the growing presence of humpback whales, dolphins and sea lions, since being the top predator they are all on the menu.

Hence also its unjust reputation as a "killer" reason that some fishermen are afraid and to attack them.

Intelligent and curious

For marine biologist at the Universidad Austral Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete, this fear is unfounded. "If you are not disturbed, there is no danger. There are no records of attacks on humans, however if there is evidence of living together and are the most popular attractions of marine parks, "he says.

" They are very intelligent and curious and so approach boats. Are turned aside and look at you, "he says.

Jorge Acevedo, a researcher at the Foundation Center for Quaternary Studies (ceque), who also works in the project Biomar-Petrobras, stresses that this year has been particularly innovative in terms of records of orcas in the Strait. "We're seeing groups almost every month, but do not know much of them, if they are residents or are on their way from Antarctica to warmer areas.

confirmed, first, the species could become an additional attraction for the protected area, as are today at the Peninsula Valdes, Argentina.

As Aguayo work is limited to the months of January to May, the remainder of the presence of orcas is a mystery. "There must be more," he says. With the data already collected in both the narrow as in Antarctica, have material for a preliminary publication on the animal.

orcas have also been observed in front of Chiloe, highlights Hucke-Gaete, who works there in the blue whales. "In Melinka point we have records, sometimes spend six to ten animals, but we could not follow. There is no specific monitoring. Suddenly someone that saw them, but when you are no longer. We have at this moment the ability to predict where whales will be, that would be wonderful. A lot of people like this kind. "

Richard Garcia - Via Mercury